A sign at the entrance to Meta’s headquarters in Menlo Park, Calif., Jan. 7, 2025. Meta on Wednesday reached a landmark settlement with 47 states, the District of Columbia and U.S. territories, agreeing to pay up to $17.1 billion in penalties and make major changes to its products over claims it endangered children with addictive social media platforms. (Jason Henry/The New York Times) By EMMY MARTIN The headline figure for Meta on Wednesday was $17.1 billion in penalties. That was the amount…